Where these numbers come from
Every figure here is federal public-domain data or an owner's own report. Nothing is modelled, estimated or filled in. Where a number does not exist, the page shows a dash.
What we use
EPA vehicle certification database. The full vehicles.csv — about 50,000 rows, one per model year and drivetrain, refreshed monthly. Every MPG, MPGe, electric range and kWh figure on these pages is a column in that file, unmodified.
EPA My MPG. Owner-reported averages via the fuel economy web services. These are thin — often a single owner per car — so every page states the sample size next to the figure rather than presenting one person as an average.
How cars are grouped
One page per nameplate, every model year on it. That grouping is not as simple as it sounds: the EPA renames cars without notice. The RAV4 Prime became the "RAV4 PHEV" in 2025 and moved to a different model code; the Nissan Leaf became the "LEAF" in 2023. Both would otherwise appear as two half-empty pages. Cars are grouped on a normalised name, with a short correction list for the genuine renames.
What it does not cover
The federal data has no purchase prices, no maintenance costs, no repair histories and no reliability record. Where a page mentions what you paid over another model, that is a number you type in, not one we supply. We would rather leave a field empty than fill it with an estimate presented as a fact.
Why cost per mile, not MPG
A plug-in hybrid runs on two fuels and MPG can only count one of them. An owner who charges every night buys almost no gasoline, so miles divided by gallons runs away — the EPA's own owner data contains averages of 558 and 1,174 MPG. Both are arithmetically correct and practically useless. Cost per mile counts both fuels and cannot break. It is also the only figure that lets a plug-in, a hybrid and an EV be compared with each other at all.
Corrections
If a figure disagrees with your window sticker, the sticker wins and we want to know which row is wrong. Get in touch.